Conditions (learnpython.org)

Conditional statements are a powerful and essential tool for programmers, allowing them to write code that responds dynamically to different inputs and situations. In Python, conditional statements are easy to use and highly flexible, making them a popular choice for both beginners and experienced developers.

# Prints a Boolean (True or False)
x = 2
print(x == 2) # prints out True
print(x == 3) # prints out False
print(x < 3) # prints out True

# Comparison between two variables is done using "=="
name = "John"
age = 23
if name == "John" and age == 23:
    print("Your name is John, and you are also 23 years old.")

if name == "John" or name == "Rick":
    print("Your name is either John or Rick.")

#The 'in' operator example
name = "John"
if name in ["John", "Rick"]:
    print("Your name is either John or Rick.")

At its core, a conditional statement is simply a way to execute code if a certain condition is met. In Python, this is done using the if statement, which checks whether a particular expression is true or false. If the expression is true, the code within the if block is executed; otherwise, the code is skipped.

# 'if' statement logic
statement = False
another_statement = True
if statement is True:
    # do something
    pass
elif another_statement is True: # else if
    # do something else
    pass
else:
    # do another thing
    pass

# 'if' statement example
x = 2
if x == 2:
    print("x equals two!")
else:
    print("x does not equal to two.")

# 'is' operator logic
x = [1,2,3]
y = [1,2,3]
print(x == y) # Prints out True
print(x is y) # Prints out False

# 'not' operator logic
print(not False) # Prints out True
print((not False) == (False)) # Prints out False

For more complex conditions, Python provides several additional keywords, including elif and else. The elif statement allows programmers to add additional conditions to their code, while the else statement provides a fallback option for cases where none of the conditions are met.

Conditions Exercise Solution

#Code Completed
number = 16
second_number = 0
first_array = [1,2,3]
second_array = [1,2]

if number > 15:
    print("1")

if first_array:
    print("2")

if len(second_array) == 2:
    print("3")

if len(first_array) + len(second_array) == 5:
    print("4")

if first_array and first_array[0] == 1:
    print("5")

if not second_number:
    print("6")

Beyond these basic structures, conditional statements in Python can be highly customizable and allow for a wide range of applications. For example, programmers can use comparison operators like == (equal to) and != (not equal to) to check whether two values are the same, or logical operators like and, or, and not to create more complex conditions involving multiple expressions.

By the way, this exercise was really fun and is a great logic tester, give it a try!